Cheat sheet: The request path
The 41 terms of this lesson, part by part, with the French word a team in France would use.
1. The parts of a web address
- Web addressURL, adresse web
- the text that leads to one page on the web, such as
https://www.leboncoin.fr/recherche. - Schemeprotocole
- the start of a web address, such as
https, which says how the browser and the server talk. - Domain namenom de domaine
- the readable name of a website, such as
leboncoin.fr, which its owner rents by the year. - Pathchemin
- the part of a web address after the domain, such as
/recherche, which names one page of the site. - Queryparamètres d'URL, query string
- the part of a web address after the
?, which holds details such as the words you searched for. - Fragmentancre
- the part of a web address after a
#, which points to a place on the page and is never sent to the server. - UTM parametersparamètres UTM
- labels added to the query of a link, which tell the marketing team where a visitor came from.
- IP addressadresse IP
- the numeric address that computers on the internet use to find and reach each other.
2. From address to page
- DNSDNS
- the internet's directory, which converts a domain name into the IP address of the site's server.
- IP addressadresse IP
- the numeric address that computers on the internet use to find and reach each other.
- Serverserveur
- a computer that stays connected to the internet, sends pages to browsers and keeps the data that people share.
- HTTPSHTTPS
- the encrypted connection between a browser and a site, shown by the padlock next to the address.
- Certificatecertificat SSL
- a digital file that proves a site really owns its address, which the browser checks before it shows the padlock.
- HTMLHTML
- the language that holds a page's content and labels what each part is, such as a heading, a link or a list.
- Style sheetfeuille de style
- a CSS file that sets the look of a page, such as its colours, fonts and layout.
- Scriptscript
- a file of JavaScript code that a page loads, which the browser runs to change the page while it's open.
3. One request, one response
- Requestrequête
- a message that a browser sends to a server to ask for a file or data, or to send it something.
- Responseréponse
- the message a server sends back for each request, made of a status code, headers and a body.
- Status codecode de statut, code HTTP
- a three-digit number in each response that says what happened, such as 200 for success or 404 for a missing page.
- Headeren-tête, header
- a label in a request or a response that gives details about it, such as the type of file or how long to keep it.
- Bodycorps de la réponse
- the main content of a response, such as the HTML of a page or an image file.
- Redirectredirection
- a response that tells the browser to go to another address, for example from http to https.
- Developer toolsoutils de développement
- the panels built into every browser, opened with F12, that show a page's code, style rules and errors.
- Network panelonglet Réseau
- the part of the developer tools that lists every request a page makes, with its status and size.
4. Copies of the files, close to you
- CDNCDN
- a network of servers in many cities that keeps copies of a site's files and sends them from near each visitor.
- Cachecache
- a store of files kept for reuse, for example in your browser, so they don't have to be downloaded again.
- DNSDNS
- the internet's directory, which converts a domain name into the IP address of the site's server.
- DDoS attackattaque DDoS
- an attack that sends a huge number of requests to a site to overload it until it stops working.
5. When a site is slow in only one place
- LighthouseLighthouse
- a free audit in Chrome's developer tools that scores a page's speed and accessibility and lists its problems.
- Latencylatence
- the time a request waits before its answer starts to arrive, which is much longer on a weak mobile connection.
- Page weightpoids de la page
- the total size of all the files a page downloads, measured in megabytes (MB).
- Third-party scriptscript tiers
- a script from another company that a page loads, such as an ad, a chat window or an analytics tool.
- Trackertraceur, tracker
- a script that records what visitors do on a site, often to show them targeted ads.
- Throttlingthrottling, bridage réseau
- a setting in the developer tools that makes the connection slow on purpose, to test a page.
6. What to ask
- Page weightpoids de la page
- the total size of all the files a page downloads, measured in megabytes (MB).
- Megabytemégaoctet, Mo
- a unit of file size, written MB, often used for photos, videos and the weight of a web page.
- Requestrequête
- a message that a browser sends to a server to ask for a file or data, or to send it something.
- Third-party scriptscript tiers
- a script from another company that a page loads, such as an ad, a chat window or an analytics tool.
- Analyticsmesure d'audience, analytics
- an outside service that counts visits and records what visitors do on a site, such as Google Analytics.
- Consent bannerbandeau de consentement, bandeau cookies
- the box that asks visitors to accept or refuse cookies and trackers when they arrive on a site.
- CDNCDN
- a network of servers in many cities that keeps copies of a site's files and sends them from near each visitor.
Web Technologies · The map · wt.thomasjuldo.com/course/the-map/request-path