Cheat sheet: When it breaks

The 35 terms of this lesson, part by part, with the French word a team in France would use.

1. Pages that arrive empty

HTMLHTML: the language that holds a page's content and labels what each part is, such as a heading, a link or a list.
JavaScriptJavaScript: the programming language that browsers run to add behaviour to a page, such as a menu that opens.
Scriptscript: a file of JavaScript code that a page loads, which the browser runs to change the page while it's open.
Serverserveur: a computer that stays connected to the internet, sends pages to browsers and keeps the data that people share.
Script blockerbloqueur de scripts: security software that stops scripts from running in the browser, common in large companies.

Static sitesite statique: a site made of pages built in advance from the data, which the host sends exactly as they are.
Server renderingrendu côté serveur: a way of building pages where the server creates each page when someone asks for it, with its content inside.
Progressive enhancementamélioration progressive: a way of building where the content arrives in the HTML, and scripts only add extra features.
Page sourcecode source de la page: the HTML exactly as the server sent it, shown when you right-click a page and choose "View page source".

Consoleconsole: the panel of the developer tools that shows the errors and messages of a page's scripts.
Developer toolsoutils de développement: the panels built into every browser, opened with F12, that show a page's code, style rules and errors.
Error messagemessage d'erreur: the text the console shows when a script fails, with the type of error, what failed, and the file and line.
not definednot defined: an error that means a line of code uses a name the code never created, often because of a typo.
Typofaute de frappe: a typing mistake, such as prixTotl instead of prixTotal.
nullnull: the code's word for nothing, as in "Cannot read properties of null" when a search for an element on the page found none.
Variablevariable: a name in the code that holds a value, such as count for the number of items in the basket.

Bugbug: a mistake in code that makes a program do the wrong thing.
Form fieldchamp de formulaire: a box on a page where a visitor types or chooses something, such as a name or an amount.
valuevalue: the text inside a form field, which reaches the script as text even when it looks like a number.
Stringchaîne de caractères: a piece of text in code, such as "12", which the + sign joins to other text instead of adding.
NumberNumber: the JavaScript instruction that turns text such as "12" into a number that can be added.
Edge casecas limite: a difficult value to test a tool with, such as zero, a decimal, a negative number or an empty field.
Automated testtest automatisé: a small program that checks that code gives the right results, run again after every change.

Tagbalise: the marker written around content in HTML to say which element it is, such as <h1> and </h1> around a heading.
textContenttextContent: the JavaScript instruction that sets the text of an element, shown exactly as written, even if it contains tags.
innerHTMLinnerHTML: the JavaScript instruction that inserts text as HTML, so any tags or code in it become part of the page.
Injectioninjection: a flaw where text typed by a visitor is treated by the site as code.
XSSfaille XSS: cross-site scripting, a flaw where code typed by a visitor runs in the browser of everyone who opens the page.

Page sourcecode source de la page: the HTML exactly as the server sent it, shown when you right-click a page and choose "View page source".
Error messagemessage d'erreur: the text the console shows when a script fails, with the type of error, what failed, and the file and line.
Bug reportrapport de bug: a message about a bug, with what you did, what you expected, what you saw and the exact error message.
XSSfaille XSS: cross-site scripting, a flaw where code typed by a visitor runs in the browser of everyone who opens the page.
Sessionsession: the record that keeps a person logged in to a site, so that ending it logs them out.
Security incidentincident de sécurité: an event where an attacker may have reached accounts or data, which the team must investigate.
GDPRRGPD: the European law on personal data, which applies as soon as a site collects a name or an email.

Web Technologies · How a page is made · wt.thomasjuldo.com/course/how-a-page-is-made/when-it-breaks