Cheat sheet: Languages and frameworks
The 28 terms of this lesson, part by part, with the French word a team in France would use.
1. A language and a framework
- Programming languagelangage de programmation
- a language for writing instructions that a computer runs, such as JavaScript, Python or PHP.
- Node.jsNode.js
- a tool that runs JavaScript on a server, outside the browser, so that a back end can be written in JavaScript.
- Back-end frameworkframework back-end
- ready-made code for the work every back end needs, such as routes, logins and database access, like Laravel or Django.
- SQLSQL
- the language used to ask a table database for data, such as every product under €20.
- WordPressWordPress
- a popular tool that builds pages on a server, keeps the content in a database and gives an admin screen to edit it.
2. Seven families, and who uses them
- DjangoDjango
- an all-in-one framework for Python, known for the admin screen it builds from the data.
- LaravelLaravel
- an all-in-one framework for PHP, very popular with agencies and freelancers.
- SymfonySymfony
- an all-in-one framework for PHP, created in Paris and open source since 2005.
- Spring BootSpring Boot
- the most common framework for back ends written in Java, often used in large companies.
- .NET.NET
- Microsoft's set of tools for writing programs in C#, with ASP.NET Core for back ends.
- Ruby on RailsRuby on Rails, Rails
- an all-in-one framework for the Ruby language, made to build web applications quickly.
- Open sourceopen source, logiciel libre
- describes software whose code is public and free to use, which you can run yourself or pay someone to run.
3. All-in-one or minimal
- All-in-one frameworkframework complet
- a framework that includes logins, database tools and a fixed structure, such as Laravel, Django or Spring Boot.
- Minimal frameworkmicro-framework
- a framework that handles routes and requests and leaves the rest to the team, such as Express or FastAPI.
- Admin screenback-office
- the private pages where a team edits a site's content, such as texts and images, without touching code.
- ExpressExpress
- the most common minimal framework for Node.js, which handles routes and requests.
- FastAPIFastAPI
- a minimal framework for Python, made for APIs, which checks the data each request sends.
4. The same route in Express and FastAPI
- Routeroute
- an address on the server that handles one kind of request, such as POST /bookings to create a booking.
- Status codecode de statut, code HTTP
- a three-digit number in each response that says what happened, such as 200 for success or 404 for a missing page.
- JSONJSON
- a plain-text format for data, made of names and values, that any program can read, such as
"price": 12. - Librarybibliothèque
- ready-made code, written by others, that does one job, such as showing a gallery of photos.
5. The same route in Laravel and Spring Boot
- Conventionconvention
- a fixed rule about names and places that a framework relies on, such as a model called Product reading the table "products".
- Model classclasse de modèle
- in a back-end framework, the code that stands for one kind of data, such as a product, and reads it from the database.
- LaravelLaravel
- an all-in-one framework for PHP, very popular with agencies and freelancers.
- Spring BootSpring Boot
- the most common framework for back ends written in Java, often used in large companies.
6. What to ask
- Back-end frameworkframework back-end
- ready-made code for the work every back end needs, such as routes, logins and database access, like Laravel or Django.
- Security updatemise à jour de sécurité
- a new version of a piece of software that fixes a weakness attackers could use.
- Versionversion
- one numbered release of a package or a tool, such as 5.2.1, where higher numbers are newer.
Web Technologies · Back ends · wt.thomasjuldo.com/course/back-ends/languages-and-frameworks